Whakapakari Tinana

Assessment / Aromatawai

Learning intentions and success criteria have been included in these teachers’ notes (see rubrics below) to help determine student progress. 

The format of the rubrics is similar to He Reo Tupu, He Reo Ora, allowing for student self-assessment, as well as assessment by: 

• other students (tuākana and tēina) 

• teachers 

whānau (as a way of engaging families and promoting a partnership between home and school). 

Cultural knowledge / Tikanga 

Traditionally, mothers massaged their baby’s limbs, from birth, to make them more flexible and agile for physical activities. The most common Māori words for ‘massage’ are mirimiri and romiromi. 

Kori tinana (physical activity) is one aspect of Māori people’s holistic view of well-being. In traditional times, they participated in games and activities to promote agility, dexterity, and fitness such as tī rākau (stick games), poi (light ball made of raupō leaves), kī-o-rahi (a traditional ball game), waewae rākau (stilts), mau rākau (weaponry), and mahi ringaringa (hand games). These activities built up people’s coordination and stamina in preparation for hunting, gardening, fishing, and warfare. 

Pre-reading / I mua atu

Before reading the story, talk with students to discover: 

• their previous experiences in relation to the picture on the front cover, as well as their knowledge of different occupations 

• their prior knowledge of relevant vocabulary, language structures, and Māori concepts.

Flashcards / Whakaahua 

You could create flashcards to show images of the following content words: 

oma – running 
takahi – stamping 
hīkoi – walking/marching 
hītoki – hopping 
paki – slapping (e.g., thighs) 
piu – skipping 
pūkana – contorting face 
huri – turning around 
tū – standing 
porowhita – circle 
ringaringa – hands/arms 
waewae – feet/legs 
muri – back 
mua – front 
mauī – left 
matau – right 
runga – up 
raro – down 

Other words / Ētahi atu kupu 

Additional words related to physical exercise include: 

Haere! – Go!/Move! 
E peke! – Jump! 
Oma atu! – Run away! 
Oma mai! – Run back! 
Ngaoki! – Crawl! 
Kanikani! – Dance! 

Grammar / Wetereo

This story includes the following language structures: 

• causative prefix whaka-, as in whakapakari (to make strong) 

• particle ki, indicating movement towards something 

• particle e, used before commands with two short vowels (E oma. Run.) 

• particle me, used to form a weak command when it precedes a verb (Me pūkana! Do a pūkana!) 

• locatives runga (above), raro (down), muri (back), and mua (front). (Although pairs of locatives are listed here, it is best to introduce one locative at a time and consolidate before introducing another one.) 

Second language tasks/activities

Once students are familiar with the text, you can facilitate some of the second language tasks/ activities below, working to your students’ strengths and interests. The aim is to extend their proficiency and use of te reo in meaningful contexts. 

While facilitating these tasks/activities, remember that you don’t have to be the expert. As conveyed in the Māori concept of ako, you may be in the position of being a learner alongside your students. In fact, some students may want to take the lead. 

Ka pai tēnā. Nō reira, kia kaha. 

For general information on common task types, see He Reo Tupu, He Reo Ora. Choose ‘Using tasks and activities’. 

He Reo Tupu, He Reo Ora 

Physical response 

Ask the children to follow your commands (from the story). 

For example: 

Ringaringa ki runga! (Hands up!) 

Haere ki te taha mauī! (Move to the left!) 

Mahia he porowhita. (Form a circle.) 

Ako

Play some catchy music (such as Poi e) and have the students stand in a circle. Ask each student to call out one command for their peers to respond to physically. Some students may choose commands not in the actions in the story, for example: e hura (hula), pakipaki (clap), pekepeke (jump), hopehope (swing hips), e huri (turn around), kanikani (dance), e rere (fly), waewae whiua (swing legs).

Viewing

Students practise listening and responding to commands in the suggested line dance activity for the song Whakarongo tamariki mā. This waiata introduces more reo kori language, including huri matau (turn to the right) and ringaringa kei waho (hands stretched out). It also has alternative commands for movements in our story, such as hīkoi whakamua (walk forwards) and tītaha te haere (move sideways).

Personalised choreography

After watching an example video, students work in small groups to choreograph their own movements to music. 

The video includes the following rhythmic commands: 

Waewae takahia – tahi, rua e. (Stamp your feet – one, two.) 

Ringaringa ki runga – piu haere e. (Hands up – waving about.) 

Ka hura, ka hura – hurihuri e. (Hula, hula – turn around.) 

Ka neke, ka neke – ki te taha e. (Move, move – to the side.) 

Korikori tinana – kia kaha e. (Move your body – give it all you’ve got.)

Information transfer

Read out various actions that are performed at different stages of circuit training in physical education. Students respond by drawing stick figures that appropriately convey these actions.

Using the books in early childhood

In English-medium ECE settings, where Māori language is a natural part of the programme (as recommended in the Mana reo strand of Te Whāriki), the big books for Reo Tupu stories can be used for shared reading with tamariki.  

These stories will allow teachers to weave Māori language and culture into their everyday activities, demonstrating the value they place on te reo and tikanga Māori. This is especially important for enhancing identity, sense of belonging, and well-being. The audio component of the e-books will support teachers and tamariki to pronounce te reo Māori correctly. 

Stories / Pakiwaitara

The following stories are relevant to the kaupapa of this reader: 

Lawson, R. (2012). Kia tūpato, Marama! Wellington: Learning Media. (Pīpī book using simple commands to play hopscotch.) 

Mahuika, K., & Pewhairangi, K. (2005). Tama tū, tama ora. Wellington: Learning Media. (Pīpī book focusing on groups of children playing in different locations.) 

Nohotima, P. (2002). Ko Ia tērā. Wellington: Learning Media. (Purapura story about a boy who prefers to run, jump, leap or do cartwheels, rather than walk.) 

NZ Heart Foundation. (2017). Ngā mahi mātātoa a Hina rāua ko Māui. Te Hotu Manawa Māori. (A teaching kit on healthy eating and exercise, with four books covering the four seasons. Includes Hine rāua ko Māui, a waiata recorded by Ruia.) 

Pene, K. Tinana kori. (2007). Wellington: Huia Publishers. (Ngā Kete Kōrero book showing children’s favourite physical activities.) 

Te Awa, M. (2006). Kori tinana. Wellington: Huia Publishers. (A book showing children doing different physical exercises.) 

Proverb / Whakataukī 

Kia tōtoia ngā waewae o taku mokopuna. 

Let the legs of my grandchild be massaged.