Te Mōhiotanga

Te Mōhiotanga Weteoro

Ko te āhukahuka, ko te whakaputa, me te rāwekeweke i ngā oro o te reo e ākona ana ētahi āhuatanga e tūāpapa ana ki te ākona o taua reo. Ko te mōhiotanga ki te pūnaha weteoro o te reo te tūāpapa o te reo ā-waha, e taea ai e te mokopuna te pānui, te tātaki kupu, te whakaputa reo hoki, mā te mōhio ki te ara e puta ai ngā oro me te ara e hua mai ai ngā kupu i ngā oro.

Ka mōhio te mokopuna:  

• ka rerekē ētahi oro (oromotu) me ētahi pū/tohu i te reo e ākona ana, tēnā i t/ōna ake reo
• ki ngā rautaki whakaputa oro i te reo e ākona ana, pēnei i ēnei:
  • o te tārua i tāna i rongo ai
  • o te tāwhai i te mita, i te haureo, i te manawataki, me te hā.

Ka whakaatu te mokopuna i tōna mōhio:

• ki te tautohu me te wehewehe i ngā oro (ngā oromotu)
• ki te whakamahi i ngā rautaki matua ki te whakahua i ngā oro o te reo e ākona ana, kia tika.

Te Mōhiotanga

Te Mōhiotanga Kupu

Ko te mōhiotanga kupu tētahi o ngā āhuatanga ka noho hei tūāpapa matua o te ako i tētahi reo. E whanake ai te mokopuna ki tētahi taumata matatau ki te whakarongo rānei, ki te kōrero rānei, ki te pānui rānei, ki te tuhituhi rānei, me mātua mōhio ia ki tētahi kohinga kupu waiwai.

Ka mōhio te mokopuna:  

• ki ngā kupu waiwai e whānui ana, e whai take ana ki te reo whakawhiti kōrero o ia rā, tae atu ki ēnei e whai ake nei:
  • ngā tūingoa, ngā tūmahi, me ngā tūāhua auau
  • ngā kupu whakawhiti, ngā kupu takenga-tahi, me ngā kupu mino
• ki ngā rautaki ako kupu hou, pēnei i ēnei:
  • ‘te whakarongo, te tititro, te kōrero, te huna, te tuhi, te hihira’
  • ngā kāri kupu
  • ngā kohinga kupu o ia rā
  • te whakarōpū kupu e māmā ai te maumaharatia.

Ka whakaatu te mokopuna i tōna mōhio:

• ki te whai māramatanga me te whakamahi i ngā kupu waiwai e hāngai ana ki ngā horopaki o ia rā (hei tauira, te kura, te whānau, te kai, te marae)
• ki te whakamahi i ngā rautaki whāiti e maumaharatia ai ngā kupu auau me ngā kīanga kua āta maumaharatia
• ki te whakamahi i ngā papakupu, i te ipurangi, me ētahi atu rauemi e kitea ai, e whai wāhi atu ai hoki ia ki te tikanga me te tātakinga o ngā kupu.

Te Mōhiotanga

Te Mōhiotanga Weteoro

E hāngai ana te mōhiotanga wetereo (tae atu ki te tātaikupu me ngā momo kupu) ki te whai māramatanga ki te takoto o te reo e ākona ana. Mā tēnei mōhiotanga e mārama ai, e kaha ai hoki te mokopuna ki te whakaputa i ngā whakawhitinga kōrero whai tikanga.

Ka mōhio te mokopuna:  

Te tātaikupu

• he momo takotoranga tō te reo e ākona ana, ā, he āhuatanga motuhake ōna
• ki ngā ture wetereo waiwai
• ki ngā kīanga
• ki ngā hanga whakakāhore māmā.

Ngā momo kupu

• ki ngā kupu kōiwi māmā.

Ka whakaatu te mokopuna i tōna mōhio:

• ki te āhukahuka, ki te whakaputa maharatanga, me te whakaputa anō i ngā kīanga noa me ērā kua āta ākona, kia tika
• ki te waihanga i ngā rerenga whai tikanga, mā te whakamahi i ngā hanganga pūmau
• ki te whakamahi i ngā tūtohi whakauru hei whakaputa i ngā momo reremāmā
• ki te urupare i te whāngai kupu ki ngā rerenga kotahi.

Te Mōhiotanga

Te Mōhiotanga Tikanga Tuhi

Ko te mōhiotanga tikanga tuhi, ko te whai māramatanga ki te takoto ā-tuhi o tētahi reo, tae atu ki te mōhio ki te arapū, ki te tuhi ā-ringa, ki te tātaki kupu, me ngā kārawarawa. Ka āwhina tēnei i te mokopuna ki te pānui me te tuhi i te reo e ākona ana.

Ka mōhio te mokopuna:  

Te arapū

• ki te arapū e waiwai ana me ngā tauira o ngā pū.

Te tuhi ā-ringa

• ki ngā kauwhata whakaahua me ngā pūtohu waehanga tahi (ngā reo waitohu) e māmā ana
• ki te hanga o te pū/tātai.

Ka whakaatu te mokopuna i tōna mōhio:

• ki te tātaki me te tuhi i ngā tau me ngā kupu waiwai, tae atu ki ngā rā me ngā pārongo whaiaro
• ki te āhukahuka i te arapū me ngā tauira pū, ā, mehemea he reo waitohu, ki te āhukahuka i ngā kauwhata whakaahua waiwai (ngā pūtohu waehanga tahi)
• ki te whakaputa i te hanga o te pū/tātai, kia tika
• ki te wehewehe i ngā pū/tohu/pūtohu
• ki te whakamahi i ngā tauira ā-tuhi hei whakaputa anō i ngā hanga ā-tuhi e tika ana.

Te Mōhiotanga

Te Mōhiotanga Tikanga Reo

Ko te mōhiotanga tikanga reo, ko te whai māramatanga ki ngā kupu me te āhua e mahi tahi ai ngā kupu i te horopaki. Mā reira e whai māramatanga ai te mokopuna ki tāna e kite ai, e rongo ai, e pānui ai, mā tēnei hoki e kaha ai tana whakapuaki i ana whakaaro kia mārama, ka tuhi ana, ka kōrero ana, ka whakaatu ana hoki ia.

Ka mōhio te mokopuna:  

Te reo torohū

• ki ngā rautaki aroā whakarongo me ngā rautaki aroā tuhituhi, pēnei i ēnei:
  • te tautohu i ngā kupu matua
  • te tono kia tāruatia, kia whakapuakitia anō rānei tētahi mea
  • te tuku pātai hei hihira i tōna māramatanga ki tāna e ako nei
  • te āta rongo/kite i ngā kupu takenga-tahi
  • te tautohu i ngā pārongo ataata me te whakamahi i ngā tīwhiri ā-horopaki matua
  • te āhukahuka i ngā kupu, i ngā ingoa me ngā kīanga e mōhiotia ana, i a ia ka whakarongo, ka pānui rānei
  • te pānui anō e whai māramatanga ai
  • te matapaki i ngā mea e āhua ōrite ana me ngā rerekētanga i waenganui i te reo e ākona ana me te reo Māori, e whanake ai te māramatanga pai ake (hei tauira, ngā tauira ā-oro me ngā kīanga)
  • te hanga ngātahi ki ētahi atu
  • te rongo i te hā me te haureo.

Te reo whakaputa

• ki ngā rautaki kōrero me ngā rautaki tuhituhi, pēnei i ēnei:
  • te tohu, te tuone, me te whakamahi i te reo ā-tinana e puta ai te māramatanga
  • te toai i tētahi kīanga e pūahoaho ake ai te māramatanga
  • te whakamahi i ngā tīwhiri ataata, i ngā tīwhiri horopaki hoki.

Ka whakaatu te mokopuna i tōna mōhio:

• ki te whakamahi i ngā kīanga totoka hei whakawhiti i ngā whakaaro māmā
• ki te āhukahuka, ki te mārama, ki te whakaputa hoki i ngā kōrero ā-waha, ā-tuhi, ā-ataata hoki e māmā ana, tae atu ki ēnei e whai ake nei:
  • ngā mihi me ngā poroporoaki waiwai i te reo o te akomanga o ia rā
  • ngā tohutohu māmā
  • ngā kīanga me ngā pātai waiwai
  • ngā pārongo whaiaro (hei tauira, ngā ingoa, ngā pakeke, ngā wāhi noho, ngā hononga ā-whānau)
  • ngā kīanga o ia rā i ngā horopaki rerekē (hei tauira, 'Kei te pēhea koe?'; 'He...ki a au ...'; 'manohi anō)
  • ngā rerenga me ngā kīanga poto, e hononga-kore ana
• ki te whakamahi i ngā momo rautaki aroā whānui e whai māramatanga ai ia i ngā kōrero ā-waha, ā-tuhi, ā-ataata hoki
• ki te whakamahi i ngā momo rautaki whānui mō te kōrero me te tuhituhi, i a ia e whakawhiti kōrero ana.

Te Mōhiotanga

Te Mōhiotanga Ahureo

Mā te mōhiotanga ahureo e taea ai e te mokopuna te whakarite tūhononga i waenganui i ngā reo, mā te whakamahi i ngā āhuatanga o te reo Māori, o te reo Pākehā, o reo kē atu rānei e mōhiotia ana (hei tauira, te NZSL, tētahi atu reo taketake, me te reo ā-kāinga), hei tautoko, hei whakatere hoki i tana ako i tētahi atu reo. Ka whai wāhi ki tēnei te whiringa hirikapo — te whakaaro ki te āhua o ngā mahi o roto i te reo me ngā ara ako e taea ai e te mokopuna ngā rautaki te āta whakamahi.

Ka mōhio te mokopuna:  

Te whakawhiti

• ki ngā rerekētanga me ngā mea e āhua ōrite ana i waenganui i tōna reo me te reo e ākona ana (hei tauira, ngā oro, te arapū, me te wetereo)
• ka āwhina te tōnga mai o ōna mōhiotanga i tana whai māramatanga me tana whakaputa i te reo e ākona ana.

Te whiringa hirikapo

• he āwhina kei roto i te tuku pātai e pā ana ki te reo e ākona ana, e ako ai ia.

Ka whakaatu te mokopuna i tōna mōhio:

• ki te whakamahi i ōna mōhiotanga ki ngā reo hei tūhonohono i ngā āhuatanga māmā i waenganui i ngā reo
• ki te tuku pātai (tae atu ki te tono tauira) e mārama ake ai ia, hei whakawhānui rānei i tōna māramatanga, ki te reo e ākona ana.

Te Mōhiotanga

Te Mōhiotanga Aropori

Ko te mōhiotanga aropori te tūāpapa o te pāhekoheko tika atu ki ētahi atu i te whānuitanga o ngā momo horopaki. Ka whai wāhi ki tēnei te mōhio ki ngā kōrero me puta, te āhua o te whakaputaina, tae atu ki te pānga o ērā ki ētahi atu. E mātuatua ana ēnei akoranga e tika ai te whai wāhi a te mokopuna ki tētahi hapori reo.

Ka mōhio te mokopuna:  

Ngā ture o te kōrerorero

• ki te reo e tika ana me ngā rautaki tika mō ngā mahi e whai ake nei:
  • te kōrero i ngā mea māmā i runga i te manawa popore
  • te kōrero mō te tangata me ngā wāhi, mā te whakamahi i ngā kīanga kua whakaharataua me ngā kīanga motuhake, i muri i ngā tohutohu poto me ngā tohutohu anga
  • te kōrero i ngā mea e paingia ana me ngā mea kāore e paingia ana
  • te tohu i te whakaae, i te whakahē rānei
  • te whakatika i te hē o te whakawhitinga kōrero.

Te aro ki tirohanga kē

• he tikanga ō tēnā, ō tēnā ahurea
• ki te reo me ngā rautaki e tika ana e pāhekoheko ai ia ki ngā tikanga ahurea e waiwai ana.

Ngā āheinga reo

• ki te reo e tika ana mō ngā āhuatanga e whai ake nei:
  • te mihi me te poroporoaki
  • te whakamōhio i tō tuakiri
  • te whakapuaki i ngā kare ā-roto e waiwai ana
  • te kōrero i ngā pārongo whaiaro, ā-whānau hoki
  • te tuku pātai.

Ka whakaatu te mokopuna i tōna mōhio:

• ki te pāhekoheko i ngā ara e tino māmā ana (engari e herea ana) e pā ana ki ngā kaupapa e taunga ana (hei tauira, tōna wāhi noho, tōna whānau)
• ki te whakaatu i tana tūohonga pāpori i a ia e pāhekoheko ana, mā te whakamahi i ngā kīanga e māmā ana, e manawa popore ana, me te tika o te whai wāhi atu ki ngā tikanga ahurea e waiwai ana.

Te Mōhiotanga

Te Mōhiotanga Kōrero Ā-waha, Ā-tuhi

Ko te mōhiotanga kōrero ā-waha, ā-tuhi te māramatanga ki te āhua o te takoto o ngā kōrero, ki te whakamahinga hoki o aua kōrero mō ngā momo take, i mua i ngā momo minenga, e puta ai hoki ngā momo pānga. Ka whai wāhi ki tēnei te mōhio ki te pūtake o te kōrero, ki te takoto o te kōrero, ki te momo kōrero hoki.

Ka mōhio te mokopuna:  

Te pūtake o te kōrero

• ka titoa ngā kōrero ā-waha, ā-tuhi hoki i te reo e ākona ana mō ngā momo take (hei tauira, hei whakangahau, hei ako i te reo e ākona ana, hei takirua i ngā paki, i ngā tūāhua rānei, mō ngā take ahurea, hei whakamōhio
• e āhua ōrite ana te pūtake o ētahi kōrero ā-waha, ā-tuhi i te reo e ākona ana ki te reo Māori, ka mutu, he rerekē ētahi atu
• ka taea te whakamahi te reo e ākona ana e ngahau ai te tangata.

Te takoto o te kōrero

• ka whai ngā kōrero māmā me ngā kōrero e taunga ana i ngā tauira matapae (hei tauira, hei mihi, hei tuku pātai, hei whakautu poto).

Te momo kōrero

• ki ngā āhuatanga o ngā kōrero māmā e poto ana, tae atu ki ēnei:
• ngā mihi
• ngā pātai
• ngā takinga poto
• ngā kōrero whakamōhio — ngā meka/pārongo whaiaro.

Ka whakaatu te mokopuna i tōna mōhio:

• ki te āhukahuka me te tautohu i te pūtake me te momo kōrero, mā te tautohu i ngā āhuatanga whāiti o te kōrero ā-waha, ā-tuhi
• ki te whakamahi i ngā tīwhiri ā-ataata, ā-horopaki hoki (hei tauira, ngā whakaahua, ngā tuone, te reo ā-tinana hoki) hei whiriwhiri i te ngako o ngā kōrero ā-waha, ā-tuhi rānei e poto ana, e taunga ana
• ki te whakamahi i ngā kupu me ngā kīanga māmā hei whakaahua i a ia anō, i tōna whānau, me te wāhi e noho nei ia
• ki te whakamārama, ki te whakaahua, me te whakaatu i tāna e rongo ai, e kite ai rānei
• ki te tārua me te takirua i ngā pārongo māmā.

Te Mōhiotanga

Te Mōhiotanga Mātākōrero

Mā te mōhiotanga mātākōrero e kaha ai te mokopuna ki te whakamahi i ngā āhuatanga reo e puta ai te auahatanga, e hōhonu ake ai hoki te whakawhitinga kōrero. I Ngā Reo, ka whai wāhi ki tēnei te whai māramatanga ki ngā hanga kōrero ahurea, ki ngā huānga hoki e puta ai tētahi wairua, e whai tikanga ai hoki te reo e ākona ana, e tautokona ai anō hoki te pāhekoheko i te ahurea e ākona ana, kia whai tikanga.

Ka mōhio te mokopuna:  

Ngā hanga kōrero ahurea

• he ara whakahirahira te kōrero paki hei tuku iho i ngā mātauranga ahurea
• ki ngā kōrero paki/pūrākau e rongonui ana i te reo tuhi, i te reo ataata, i te reo ā-waha rānei.

Ngā āhuatanga reo

• he karere, he pūtake hoki tō ngā kōrero auaha
• ki ngā hanga ihiihi o te reo (hei tauira, ngā waiata, ngā paki/pūrākau, ngā ruri me ngā whakawhitinga kōrero)
• ki ngā āhuatanga reo e waiwai ana, pēnei i ēnei:
  • ngā kīanga
  • te huarite, te tārua, me te ororite
  • ngā kupu ihiihi (hei tauira, ngā kare ā-roto) hei urupare i ngā kōrero auaha
  • ngā kupuhono māmā (hei tauira, ka mutu, nā reira, engari)
  • te reo whakaahua māmā hei whakaahua i ngā hanga, i te tangata rānei (hei tauira, te tae o tētahi waka, mēnā rānei e nui ana, e iti ana rānei).

Ka whakaatu te mokopuna i tōna mōhio:

• ki te whakarongo me te whakaatu māramatanga ki te reo auaha i ngā kōrero ihiihi (hei tauira, ngā paki/pūrākau ahurea, ngā ruri, ngā whakawhitinga kōrero)
• ki te pāhekoheko ki ngā kōrero ā-waha, ā-tuhi, ā-ataata hoki, mā ēnei mahi e whai ake nei:
  • te mātakitaki, te whakarongo, te pānui rānei i ngā kōrero māmā
  • te tautohu i ngā āhuatanga matua o te kōrero (hei tauira, ngā kiripuaki, te takiwā)
  • te takirua i te raupapatanga o ngā tūāhua matua
• ki te whakaputa kōrero ā-waha, ā-tuhi hoki e auaha ana, e māmā ana, mā te whakamahi i ngā āhuatanga reo e waiwai ana.